1. Signaling Pathways
  2. Immunology/Inflammation
  3. NOD-like Receptor (NLR)

NOD-like Receptor (NLR)

Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are critical cytoplasmic pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that play an important role in the host innate immune response and immunity homeostasis. There are 23 NLR family members in humans and at least 34 NLR genes in mice. NLRs are expressed in many cell types including immune cells and epithelial cells, although certain NLR family members are expressed primarily in phagocytes including macrophages and neutrophils. The NLR family are most commonly classified according to their N-terminal domain, falling into one of four subfamilies; NLRA, NLRB, NLRC and NLRP.

The NLRs recognize various ligands from microbial pathogens (peptidoglycan, flagellin, viral RNA, fungal hyphae, etc.), host cells (ATPs, cholesterol crystals, uric acid, etc.), and environmental sources (alum, asbestos, silica, alloy particles, UV radiation, skin irritants, etc.). Most NLRs act as PRRs, recognizing the above ligands and activate inflammatory responses. However, some NLRs may not act as PRRs but instead respond to cytokines such as interferons. The activated NLRs show various functions that can be divided into four broad categories: inflammasome formation, signaling transduction, transcription activation, and autophagy.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-116084S
    Trimethylamine N-oxide-d9
    Activator ≥99.0%
    Trimethylamine N-oxide-d9 is the deuterium labeled Trimethylamine N-oxide. Trimethylamine N-oxide is a gut microbe-dependent metabolite of dietary choline and other trimethylamine-containing nutrients. Trimethylamine N-oxide induces inflammation by activating the ROS/NLRP3 inflammasome. Trimethylamine N-oxide also accelerates fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation and induces cardiac fibrosis by activating the TGF-β/smad2 signaling pathway[1][2][3].
    Trimethylamine N-oxide-d<sub>9</sub>
  • HY-151343
    NLRP3-IN-10
    Inhibitor 98.97%
    NLRP3-IN-10 is a potent NLRP3 inhibitor, inhibits IL-1β release with an IC50 value of 251.1 nM. NLRP3-IN-10 suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation by attenuating ASC speck formation.
    NLRP3-IN-10
  • HY-156438
    NT-0796
    Inhibitor 99.65%
    NT-0796 is a selective and CNS-penetrant NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.32 nM in PBMC assay. NT-0796 is an isopropyl ester that undergoes intracellular conversion to NDT-19795, the carboxylic acid active species. NT-0796 has the potential for neuroinflammatory diseases research.
    NT-0796
  • HY-13682B
    Mifamurtide sodium
    ≥98.0%
    Mifamurtide sodium (MTP-PE sodium), an analog of the muramyl dipeptide (MDP), is a nonspecific immunomodulator by stimulating the immune response activating macrophages and monocytes. Mifamurtide sodium is a specific ligand for NOD2 and acts as an insulin sensitizer. Mifamurtide sodium has potential for use in rare disease and osteosarcoma research.
    Mifamurtide sodium
  • HY-156647
    Usnoflast
    Modulator 98.29%
    Usnoflast is a NLRP3 modulator, as well as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAD).
    Usnoflast
  • HY-156413
    NLRP3 agonist 1
    Agonist 99.01%
    NLRP3 agonist 1 (compound 23) is a potent and orally active NLRP3 agonist. NLRP3 agonist 1 can activate the enzyme Caspase-1 to cleave pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 proinflammatory cytokines into their mature forms.
    NLRP3 agonist 1
  • HY-151252
    NIC-0102
    Inhibitor 98.72%
    NIC-0102 is an orally active proteasome inhibitor (pIC50=7.55) that specifically inhibits NLRP3 inflammatory vesicle activation. NIC-0102 shows potent anti-inflammatory effects in a model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis. NIC-0102 also inhibits production of pro-IL-1β.
    NIC-0102
  • HY-W011082
    NLRP3-IN-2
    Inhibitor 98.00%
    NLRP3-IN-2, an intermediate substrate in the synthesis of glyburide, inhibits the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiomyocytes and limits the infarct size following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in the mouse, without affecting glucose metabolism.
    NLRP3-IN-2
  • HY-W082785A
    L6H21
    Inhibitor 99.46%
    L6H21, a Chalcone (HY-121054) derivative, is an orally active, potent and specific myeloid differentiation 2 (MD-2) inhibitor. L6H21 directly binds to MD-2 protein with a high affinity and low KD value of 33.3 μM, blocking the formation of the LPS-TLR4/MD-2 complex. L6H21 inhibits LPS-induced expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values of 6.58 and 8.59 μM, respectively. L6H21 can be used for alcoholic liver disease, metabolic disturbance and neuroinflammation research.
    L6H21
  • HY-153554
    NLRP3-IN-18
    Inhibitor 98.06%
    NLRP3-IN-18 (compound 13) is a potent NLRP3 inhibitor with an IC50 value of ≤1.0 µM.
    NLRP3-IN-18
  • HY-130494
    (±)11(12)-EET
    Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    (±)11(12)-EET is a NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. (±)11(12)-EET can be used for the research of anti-inflammatory, angiogenic and cardioprotective.
    (±)11(12)-EET
  • HY-117432
    JC-171
    Inhibitor 98.41%
    JC-171 is a selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, with an IC50 of 8.45 μM for inhibiting LPS/ATP-induced interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release from J774A.1 macrophages.
    JC-171
  • HY-137888A
    Oxidized ATP trisodium salt
    Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Oxidized ATP (oATP) trisodium salt is a broad-spectrum P2 receptor inhibitor. Oxidized ATP trisodium salt irreversibly antagonizes P2X7R activation. Oxidized ATP trisodium salt inhibits c-reactive protein (CRP)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Oxidized ATP trisodium salt can be used for research of atherosclerosis.
    Oxidized ATP trisodium salt
  • HY-148187
    NLRP3-IN-11
    Inhibitor 98.79%
    NLRP3-IN-11 is a NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) proteins inhibitor. NLRP3-IN-11 has biological activity for NLRP3 with an IC50 value of <0.3 μM. NLRP3-IN-11 can be used for the researh of inflammatory and degenerative diseases including NASH, atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, gout, and numerous other autoinflammatory diseases.
    NLRP3-IN-11
  • HY-121988
    INF4E
    Inhibitor 99.38%
    INF4E is a potent NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. INF4E inhibits caspase-1 and NLRP3 ATPase activities. INF4E shows protection against the IR-induced myocardial injury and dysfunction.
    INF4E
  • HY-155751
    HMGB1-IN-1
    Inhibitor
    HMGB1-IN-1 (compound 6) displays strong NO inhibitory effect in RAW264.7 cells with IC50 value of 15.9 ± 0.6 μM. HMGB1-IN-1 inhibit the HMGB1/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. HMGB1-IN-1 shows good anti-inflammatory activity and good anti-sepsis effects in kidney injury.
    HMGB1-IN-1
  • HY-153261
    NLRP3-IN-17
    Inhibitor 99.23%
    NLRP3-IN-17 is a potent, selective and orally active NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor with an IC50 value of 7 nM. NLRP3-IN-17 significantly inhibits NLRP3 dependent IL-1β secretion in mice and can be used for chronic inflammatory diseases research.
    NLRP3-IN-17
  • HY-131040
    NLRP3-IN-NBC6
    Inhibitor 99.40%
    NLRP3-IN-NBC6 is a potent, selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor (IC50= 574 nM) that acts independently of Ca2+. NLRP3-IN-NBC6 inhibits Nigericin (HY-127019)-induced inflammasome activation in THP-1 cells and Imiquimod (HY-B0180)-induced IL-1β release from LPS-primed bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs).
    NLRP3-IN-NBC6
  • HY-B0516
    Articaine hydrochloride
    Activator 98.46%
    Articaine hydrochloride (Hoe-045) is an amide anaesthetic containing an ester group, reversibly binding to the α-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channels within the inner cavity of the nerve, can provide effective pain relief. Articaine hydrochloride ameliorates LPS-induced acute kidney injury via inhibition of NF-ĸB activation and the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
    Articaine hydrochloride
  • HY-N0139R
    Troxerutin (Standard)
    Inhibitor
    Troxerutin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Troxerutin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Troxerutin, also known as vitamin P4, is a tri-hydroxyethylated derivative of natural bioflavonoid rutins which can inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depress ER stress-mediated NOD activation.
    Troxerutin (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity